Thread-Defined Embroidery Types
The thread used in embroidery sometimes defines its type. Needle artists have used fibers ranging from silk to wool in their projects, but twisted cotton floss is probably the most prevalent in contemporary embroidery.
Silk Embroidery
Chinese embroidery is characterized by its fine, beautifully shaded silk threads. Judging by actual remnants found in the Hubei province, Chinese artisans have been embroidering with silk since the fifth century BC. Indian floss silk embroidery, stitched on backgrounds of black or white netting, is another example of silk work. Needle workers can stitch other types of fine embroidery using silk floss whenever they wish to produce a smooth, shiny texture and rich coloration in their projects.
Silk Ribbon Embroidery
Using narrow silk ribbon for embroidery produces a unique look. Florals and leaves have a three-dimensional appearance that embroidery floss cannot equal. Ornate embroidery styles such as Victorian often call for silk ribbon.
Wool Embroidery Types
Embroidery types rooted in folk art traditions are often worked in wool threads. Berlin embroidery and crewel embroidery, also known as Kensington embroidery, both derive their signature look from the use of wool threads. Bargello, a type of geometric embroidery, features wool stitches on canvas.
Cotton Embroidery Types
Artisans produce many types of embroidery with cotton embroidery floss, including white work, black work, counted cross stitch, Dresden, and Swiss.
Specialty Embroidery Fibers
Some types of decorative needle work use specialty fibers that are essential to their genre. For example, Arrasene embroidery, popular during the Victorian era, relied on fine, chenille-type Arrasene threads made from silk or wool fibers. Gold metallic threads give gold work embroidery its richly-deserved name.
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