All about screws
"How large of a screw/bolt do I need?"
· "What types of screws are out there and what are the for?"
· "What are washers for, and do lock washers work?"
· "How tight should a screw be, and how does that affect how much load it can handle?"
· "Coarse vs. Fine thread?"
Contents
· Common types of wood, machine and drywall screws and their uses
· Common machines screws, head types and uses
· Thread types: UNC, UNRF, M,... what's available and when should it be used?
· Sizing: how big a screw is needed for a given load? How does tightness affect this?
· Installation: How much torque and why?
· Screw Grades: What's the difference between grades and when should I use them?
· Washers and Locknuts: When to use which kind
· Material Selection: steel, stainless, zinc plated, galvanized...
· Additional Resources and References
Terminology and basic identification
What's the difference between a bolt and a screw? Most sources (like the Machinery's
Handbook) define screws and bolts in terms of how they are installed: if you turn the head it's a
screw, if you turn a nut it's a bolt. A hex head cap screw and hex bolt may look identical. This
guide refers to both interchangeably.
Wood, Sheet Metal and Drywall Screws differences, uses,
and head types
· Wood Screws: These have a coarser pitch (few threads per inch) than sheet metal or
machine screws, and often have an unthreaded shank. The threadless shank allows the top
piece of wood to be pulled flush against the under piece without getting caught on the
threads. Some wood screws are tapered from tip to head, also. This site lists pre drill
sizes for various sized screws.
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